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image by António Martins-Tuválkin,
8 February 2006The municipality of Campo Mourão (87,287 inhabitants in 2010; 75,711 ha) is
located in 475 km north-west of Curitiba.
The flag and arms of Campo
Mourão are prescribed by Municipal Law No. 1,930 promulgated on 16 May 2005.
Article 3.
The flag of the municipality of Campo Mourão, chosen by
people's will and designed by artist Augusto Conte, was adopted by Law No. 32
promulgated on 26 September 1964 and modified by Law No. 22 promulgated on 2
October 1973.
The flag of the municipality of Campo Mourão is composed of a
rectangle argent with a green double lozenge with angles distant from the
rectangle, the lozenge's central field charged with the municipal coat of arms,
in full colors, without scroll, with the plants united by a double ribbon vert.
Article 5.
The features of the flag of the municipality shall obey the
following rules.
II. The flag's width shall be 14 units.
III. The flag's
length shall be 20 units.
IV. The lozenge shall have the angles equidistant
1.5 unit from the median of the outer rectangle and be 1 unit in length.
V.
The municipal coat of arms shall be centered on the lozenge's field, equidistant
from the respective angles.
VI. The two sides of the flag shall be strictly
equivalent, mirroring each other.
Article 6.
Meaning of the flag's
parts.
I. Argent, or white, symbolizes the purity of objectives and ideals of
Campo Mourão's people.
II. Green, or vert, symbolizes the municipality's
plant resources.
III. The angles of the double lozenge represent people and
the three municipal powers: Executive, Legislative, and Judiciary.
Article 10.
The coat of arms of the municipality of Campo Mourão prescribed
by Law No. 7 promulgated on 20 June 1956 and modified by Law No. 8 promulgated
on 14 April 1972, has the following heraldic description.
A Portuguese
shield. On a field vert the representation of the gate of the Fortress of Our
Lady of Indulgences argent in chief and base a fess or.
The shield surmounted
by a mural crown argent with eight towers, three and another two half visible.
The shield supported dexter by a branch of coffee fructed and sinister by a
Brazilian pine proper.
On the lower double scroll or the toponym "Campo
Mourão" in lower dexter dates "1769 e 1770" sinister "5 de Dezembro de 1947",
vert.
Article 13.
The following specifications are to be considered to
design the municipal coat of arms.
II. The length of the shield shall be 7
units, its width 8 units.
III. The central representation of the gate of the
Fortress shall be 4 units in length on 6 units in width.
IV. The fesses are 1
unit in width and are distant of 0.5 unit from the chief and base, respectively.
V. The mural crown lays on the shield and shall be 2 units in width, spreading
all over the shield's length.
VI. The axes of the plants flanking the shield
are distant of 1 unit without spreading beyond the shield's upper edge; they
cross in base on the shield's median line, coffee over Brazilian pine, of 1 unit
in length.
VII. The scroll wrapping the shield's rounded-off base shall be 1
unit in width, divided in an upper part of 6 units in length and two lower parts
that should not spread beyond the shield's outer border and the supporters.
VIII. The scroll's writing, in Helios Bold or Arial font, not touching the
edges, is harmoniously distributed in half width, 0.5 unit.
Article 14.
Meaning of the coat of arms' colors and components.
I. The green color
symbolizes the fields and the region discovered in 1769/1770 by pioneers led by
Afonso de Sampaio e Souza, upon order of Luiz Antônio de Souza Botelho e Mourão,
aiming at the defense and increase of the physical and economical border of the
territory, for whom the fields ["campos"] where is the present-day's municipal
seat were named.
II. The two fesses or symbolize the main rivers used as ways
facilitating communication, management and development of the region's
resources. They also represent the pre-Colombian roads known as "peabiru".
III. The gate of the Fortress of Our Lady of Indulgences, located in Honey
Island in Paranaguá Bay, argent, symbolizes urban concentration, resulting from
settlement and the ideal of urban metropolis that was the first solid defense
against invaders, contributing to the claim of Luso-Brazilian possession and
rule over lands located in present-day Paraná.
The Fortress is also a symbol
of civic and political sovereignty, recalling the historical reaction to the
attack by the English vessel "Cormorant" against Brazilian vessels moored in
Paranaguá. It also evokes the first attempt of conquest of the Guarapuava fields
by Cândido Xavier de Almeida e Souza, with the primitive Fort of Our Lady of the
Carmel, in September 1770, the foundation of Atalaia on 2 July 1810, and the
pacific expedition to settle Guarapava fields commanded by Diego Pinto de
Azevedo Portugal. The first initiators of the development of Campo Mourão came
from Guarapava fields in the early 19th century.
IV. The mural crown argent
symbolizes a municipality seat of a county and municipal autonomy obtained by
political and administrative emancipation, and joint work by the constitutive
powers.
V. The branch of coffee (Coffea arabica) symbolizes the
region's main crop and other agricultural activities.
VI. The branch of
Brazilian pine (Araucaria angustifolia) recalls the Land of Brazilian
Pines, nickname of Paraná state, and symbolizes the forest resources of the
municipality, which is engaged in reforestation.
https://leismunicipais.com.br/a/pr/c/campo-mourao/lei-ordinaria/2005/193/1930/lei-ordinaria-n-1930-2005-dispoe-sobre-a-forma-e-apresentacao-dos-simbolos-do-municipio-e-da-outras-providencias
Leis Municipais database
Photo
https://comunidadecm.wordpress.com/2013/05/13/sessoes-ordinarias-da-camara-municipal-de-campo-mourao-hoje-e-amanha/
The flag was first prescribed, then with a golden-yellow lozenge, by
Municipal Law No. 32 promulgated on 26 September 1964.
Article 1.
The
flag of the municipality of Campo Mourão shall be a white rectangle, a color
symbolizing the purity of objectives and ideals of Campo Mourão's people. In the
flag's center shall be placed the coat of arms prescribed by Law No. 7
promulgated on 20 June 1956. The coat of arms shall be surrounded by a
golden-yellow lozenge symbolizing the municipality's resources offered to
people's profit. The lozenge's angle represent people, the Executive, the
Legislative, and the Judiciary, respectively.
Article 2.
The features
of the flag shall obey the following norms.
I. The flag's width shall be 14
units.
II. The flag's length shall be 20 units.
III. The lozenge shall
have the angles distant 1.5 unit from the rectangle's edges.
IV. The lozenge
shall be 1 unit in width and centered on the vertical axis that divided the flag
into two parts.
V. The emerald green coat of arms shall be inscribed in a
rectangle of 6 units in width on 4.8 units in length; the rectangle's center
shall match the flag's center. The shield's maximum width, from the lower point
to the central tower of the upper castle (banderole excluded) shall be 6 units,
while its maximum length shall be 4.8 units.
VI. The golden-yellow fesses
crossing the shield's field represent rivers Ivaí and Piquirí. They shall be 0.5
unit in width and being displayed so that their borders facing the shield's
center shall divide it into three equal parts of 2 units in width each.
[..]
https://leismunicipais.com.br/a/pr/c/campo-mourao/lei-ordinaria/1964/3/32/lei-ordinaria-n-32-1964-cria-a-bandeira-da-cidade-e-do-municipio-de-campo-mourao-e-da-outras-providencias
Leis Municipais database
This Law complements, without abrogating it,
Municipal Law No. 7 promulgated on 26 July 1956, which prescribed the first
municipal coat of arms - but no companion flag.
Article 1.
The coat of
arms of the municipality of Campo Mourão has the following characteristics,
adapted from the original coat of arms of Luiz Antonio de Souza Botelho e Mourão
(green with two fesses or surrounding a castle argent), and the following
interpretations.
§1. A modern shield with a green field, symbolizing the
fields and regions discovered in 1768/1769 by pioneers led by Afonso Botelho de
Sampaio e Souza, upon order of Luiz Antônio de Souza Botelho e Mourão, aiming at
the defense and increase of the physical and economical border of the Paraná
territory, for whom the fields ["campos"] where is the present-day's municipal
seat were named. Green also symbolizes the ideal of peace and felicity.
§2.
The two fesses or that divide the green field in the upper and lower parts
symbolize the main rivers of the municipality and the region, as well as their
hydraulic potential, providing conditions required for the convergence of roads
and other ways of communication, the best element for the exploitation of
resources symbolized by color or.
§3. The central castle (in medieval style)
argent represents a new urban concentration resulting from modern settlement.
The facade of the castle shall be inscribed "Campo Mourão".
§4. The shield
surmounted by a cartouche in the shield's main colors supporting a dark gray
castle, symbol of a town.
§5. The shield supported right by a branch of
Brazilian pine, referring to the state's typical nickname (Land of Brazilian
Pines) and symbolizing the municipality's main tree species and extractive
industry, and left by a branch of coffee symbolizing the municipality and
region's main crop as well as other crops.
§6. The green and yellow colors
predominating in the coat of arms are the main colors of the Brazilian flag.
https://leismunicipais.com.br/a/pr/c/campo-mourao/lei-ordinaria/1956/0/7/lei-ordinaria-n-7-1956-cria-o-escudo-da-cidade-e-municipio-de-campo-mourao
Leis Municipais database
The 1964 Law was amended by Law No. 22
promulgated on 2 October 1973.
Article 1.
The municipal flag
established by Law No. 32 promulgated on 26 September 1964 shall be manufactured
as follows.
§1. On a white rectangular cloth, in proportions 20 units in
length on 14 units in width.
§2. On the rectangular white field, a golden
yellow stripe forming a lozenge, of 1 unit in width, its angles distant of 1.5
units from the rectangle's outer line.
§3. Within the field formed by the
lozenge, the coat of arms of the municipality of Campo Mourão as prescribed by
Law No. 8 promulgated on 29 May 1972, the writing substituted by a golden yellow
ribbon uniting the branches of coffee and Brazilian pine.
https://leismunicipais.com.br/a/pr/c/campo-mourao/lei-ordinaria/1973/2/22/lei-ordinaria-n-22-1973-altera-a-forma-e-descricao-da-bandeira-municipal
Leis Municipais database
Photos
https://web.archive.org/web/20050215164413/http://www.campomourao.com.br/cidade/bandeira.php
http://wibajucm.blogspot.com/2011/04/blog-post_23.html
Ivan Sache, 1 February 2022
modified from an image by António Martins-Tuválkin,
8 February 2006
Every other source, including Wikipedia (
band in the coat of arms) in green instead of yellow. Perhaps this is a
historical version (given that the link you sent is from the web archive).
Dirk Schönberger,
18
February 2012
The archived sightings (yellow lozenge) are dated 2004-2005. Valentin's
report dated February 2006 includes the written description with the yellow
lozenge. António's image, sent the next day, has the green lozenge, António
stating that he just standardized the image. This seems to indicate that the
municipal website shown in February 2006 the green lozenge while keeping the
description with the yellow lozenge. I can hardly imagine António changing a
colour from the source' s image from yellow to green just for the sake of
standardization! The Wikipedia contribution (with an odd grey lozenge!) is
dated February 2007 and sources to the municipal website (therefore the two
sources are not independent).
The change in the color of the lozenge
(yellow > green) must therefore have happened around 2006 or slightly
earlier. A photo of the Mayor of Campo Mourão independently confirms that the
flag actually in use features a green lozenge.
http://www.consocial.pr.gov.br/modules/galeria/detalhe.php?foto=98&evento=16
Ivan Sache, 18 February 2012
As the image both I and Vanja saw had a yellow lozenge
http://www.campomourao.com.br/cidade/bandeira.php,
it seems that I made a mistake in coloring the flag, and that mistake, once
published in FotW-ws, may have influenced the local government or their flag
suppliers, to change the flag unknowingly. I’m very sorry.
António
Martins-Tuválkin, 18 February 2012
The symbols were indeed changed. The relevant information is available on the
website of the Paraná Secretary of Education, quoting a book written by a local
historian: Santos Jr, Jair Elias. 2005 [jsj05]. A evolução e a história dos Símbolos
Municipais de Campo Mourão. Gráfica Kromoset, Campo Mourão, 126 p. The
page quotes Municipal Law 1,930, adopted in 2005, which must be the
Law prescribing the corrected symbols.
The scholars Jair Elias dos Santos
Jr and Pedro da Veiga explained that corrections were required due to minor
heraldic errors. The correction process was based on the international
heraldic norms, without changing the originality of the symbols adopted in
1956 (coat of arms) and 1964 (flag). The mural crown surmounting the flag
was changed from yellow to white, a yellow mural crown being allowed only for
State capitals. The lozenge was changed from yellow to green, according to
the heraldic rule prohibiting metal on metal. The branches surrounding the
shield were modified. The axis of the branches is distant of 1 unit from the
shield's border. Their upper point reaches the imaginary horizontal line
extending the upper border of the shield. The branches are crossed in the
imaginary vertical line extending the median of the shield, the coffee branch
over the araucaria branch, and are 1 unit in width. The ribbon linking the
branches was changed from yellow to green.
The drawing of the coat of
arms shown below the text has scrolls concealing the crossing of the
branches. The scrolls are omitted when the coat of arms is put on the flag.
http://www.educadores.diaadia.pr.gov.br/modules/mylinks/singlelink.php?cid=1&lid=22634
The source book is briefly presented on the author's
personal page. The image on the book's cover seems to be the source for the
flag with the gray lozenge shown on Wikipedia.
http://www.jaireliasjunior.com.br/livros/visualiza/8
Ivan Sache, 19 February 2012
