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Catarina Republic, 1839-40 (Brazil)

República Catarinense, República Juliana

image by Joseph McMillan
Adopted 10 August 1839

About the Flag of the Catarina (Juliana) Republic (1839-1840)
Background on the Catarina Republic

About the Flag of the Catarina Republic (1839-1840)

The flag of the Catarina Republic--a green-white-yellow horizontal tricolor--was created along with the coat of arms on 10 September 1839 by decree of the vice president, Father Vicente Ferreira dos Santos.
Source: a site about Garibaldi's Brazilian wife Anita, both of them having been active in the Catarina Republic.
Joseph McMillan, 16 September 2002

According to the Pequena História Catarinense (Florianópolis, 1920), "On 22 July 1839 the Farrapos became masters of Laguna. On 7 August, elections for president and vice-president of the republic were conducted. The arms and flag of the new state were created." Because Ferrerira dos Santos Cordeiro took power on 28 August 1839 (by delegation of the elected president Neves), I suspect that the adoption of the flag (at less oficially) would not have taken place earlier than that, and 10 September seems reasonable.
Jaume Ollé, 17 August 2002

Background on the Catarina Republic

On 22 July 1839, Rio-grandense troops [i.e., forces of the revolutionary Farroupilha government of Rio Grande do Sul--ed.] occupied Laguna, Santa Catarina. On 29 July, in the same city, the province of Santa Catarina was declared a "free and independent Catarinense state," and was constituted the Catarina Republic [República Catarinense, also known as the República Juliana because the revolt took place in July--ed.]. The rebels defeated the pro-Rio de Janeiro monarchists in partial combats but were decisively defeated at Garopaba on 27 September 1840. After a naval battle, the chief of the Rio-grandense fleet announced the end of the Catarina Republic on 15 November 1840. The chief of this fleet was the Italian Giuseppe Garibaldi, who married his companion, the Brazilian Ana de Jesús, or Anita Garibaldi, while in Santa Catarina. She later died defending the cause of Italian unity. The new provincial monarchist president was Marshal Andrea, who directed the operations that put an end to the independent republic.

Source: Flag Report 2
Jaume Ollé, 25 December 1999

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