![[Flag of Carpatho-Ukraine 1939]](../images/c/cz-cu39.gif)
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by Mark Sensen
Last modified: 2018-12-15 by rob raeside
Keywords: czechoslovakia | ruthenia | subcarpathian-ruthenia | carpatho-ukraine | ukraine |
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by Mark Sensen
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Czechoslovakia consisted of a three parts - the third part
being namely Subcarpathian-Ruthenia.
On 1 October Sudetenland (the Germanophone parts of Czech Rep.) was
annexed by the Third Reich, while in November Poland annexed the
Teschen area, and Hungary annexed some Magyarophone parts of
Slovakia and Subcarpathian-Ruthenia. On 6 and 8 October 1938
Slovakia and Subcarpathian-Ruthenia respectively gained autonomy.
On 14 March 1939 both declared their independence. The next day
Germany annexed the remainder as the
"Reichsprotektorat" Bohemia & Moravia, while
Hungary annexed Subcarpathian-Ruthenia and some more parts of
Slovakia. Carpatho-Ukraine (as it was known on its one day of
independence) used a flag blue over yellow (so the Ukrainian
colours!).
After WWII Czechoslovakia was restored on 9 may 1945, except for
Carpatho-Ukraine which became part of the Transcarpathian Oblast
in the Ukrainian SSR.
Mark Sensen, 2 July 1996
According to my soviet sources, the Transcarpathian Region was
created in 22 January 1946 . My source doesn't refer any previous
status for it as soviet territory.
Antonio Martins, 28 May 2000
"The First Constitutional Law of Carpatho-Ukraine"
of 15 March 1939 defined the new status of the country as
follows:
1. Carpatho-Ukraine is an independent state.
2. The name of the state is: Carpatho-Ukraine.
3. Carpatho-Ukraine is a republic, headed by a president elected
by the Diet of Carpatho-Ukraine.
4. The state language of Carpatho-Ukraine is the Ukrainian
language.
5. The colors of the national flag of the Carpatho-Ukraine are
blue and yellow, blue on top and yellow on the bottom.
6. The state emblem of Carpatho-Ukraine is the present national
emblem: a bear on a red field on the sinister side, four blue and
three yellow stripes on the dexter side, as well as the trident
of Saint Volodymyr the Great.
7. The national anthem of Carpatho-Ukraine is Sche ne vmerla
Ukraina [Ukraine has not yet perished].
8. This act comes valid immediately after its promulgation.
Source: André Wocial: "Symbols of
Carpatho-Ukraine", The Flag Bulletin, vol. 30, No. 4/142, p.
142.
Mark Sensen, 28 May 2000
This is the list of Carpatho-Ukrainian flags since 1918:
- Subcarpathian Russia (1920-1938), Transcarpathian Ukraine
(1938), Carpatho-Ukraine (1938-1939) - horizontal bicolor BY
used unofficially especially in late 1930's (C--/--)
- (Republic of) Carpatho-Ukraine (1939 hours) - horizontal
bicolor BY (CSW/CSW)
Jan Zrzavy, 16 March 2001
The comments by Mark Sensen are not entirely correct.
On March 15 1939 Hungary annexed by military force only the
central and northern part of Subcarpathia, so the words "and
some more parts of Slovakia" are erroneous. The southern
part of Subcarpathia and the southern part of Slovakia which had
ethnic Hungarian majority were annexed to Hungary by the First
Vienna Treaty in 1938.
Ivan Marinov, 2 May 2001
Hungary had got the Hungarian lived southern parts of Slovakia
and Subcarpathia in 1938 by the First Vienna Treaty (in
Subcarpathia: Ungvár-Uzhhorod, Munkács-Mukachevo,
Beregszász-Berehovo cities and environs). On
March 15 1939 Hungary annexed the full territory of Subcarpathia
to the Polish border and a 5-10 km wide stripe of East-Slovakia
(for example Ublianka valley and Stakčín - Takcsány village).
There were some small attacks between the Hungarian and Slovakia
troops, afterwards Hungary ceded this territory. After the end of
the WWII the original region border - Slovakia and Subcarpathia -
became the new border between the Soviet Union and
Czechoslovakia. The border was modified only the Hungarian lived
territories - an approximately straight line divided a territory
from the Tisza River to Uzhhorod and divided a village into two
parts: Nagyszelmenc as Vel'ké Slemence to Czechoslovakia and
Kisszelmenc as Mali Selmenci to the URSS.
István Molnár, 20 May 2001
I said the same thing: Hungary tried to annex this territory,
but it did not annex it. You say "ceded", it means the
Hungary did not keep this 5-10 km wide land stripe. I think the
word annexation is something more then occupation. This small
territory in Eastern Slovakia was occupied by Hungary for a few
days, but it was never annexed. Only the northern and central
part of the region called now Subcarpathia was annexed by
military force (the southern part was also annexed, but not with
military force, but peacefully).
Ivan Marinov, 21 May 2001
Slovakia ceded, Hungary ANNEXED this stripe. It was under
Hungarian rule 1939-1944. Hungary occupied Subcarpathia
(including the Slovakian stripe) in March 1939 and annexed on
23th June 1939 by the No. 6/1939 Act. The end of the military
government on 7th July 1939.
István Molnár, 21 May 2001
Transcarpathian Ukraine or Carpatho-Ukraine name is in
Ukrainian: Zakarpats'ka Ukrayina; in Russian: Zakarpatskaya
Ukraina; in Czech: Zakarpatská Ukrajina: in Hungarian:
Kárpát-Ukrajna. Sub-Carpathian Ukraine is in is in Ukrainian:
Pidkarpats'ka Rus'; in Russian: Podkarpatskaya Rus; in Czech:
Podkarpatská Rus.
Jarig Bakker, 24 September 2002
The using form of the Hungarian name of the territory was
Kárpátalja. In 1920-1939 the following name was used:
Ruszinszkó. The name "Kárpát-Ukrajna" used only the
communist regime in Hungary.
István Molnár, 28 September 2002
