![[Banner of the Komturia and Town of Graudenz (Teutonic Order)]](../images/d/de^to703.gif)
Image by António Martins, 8 February 2002
Last modified: 2013-11-20 by pete loeser
Keywords: komturia | graudenz | grudziac | oxhead (black) |
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Image by António Martins, 8 February 2002
White field with black ox with red tongue and yellow horn (rotated 270 degrees [clockwise]).
Norman Martin, 20 January 1998
[Editor's note: the following translation by Chrystian Kretowicz of the Banderia Prutenorum manuscript is based on a translation from Latin into Old Polish, available at the Choragwie Pruskie cz. 1 - Jan Dlugosz webpage.]/p>
9. Banner of the Komturia and Town of Graudenz led by Wilhelm von Ellfenstein, the Komtur. Composed of knights and city-folk from Graudenz, the majority of them belonged to the clan which bore the oxhead in its coat-of-arms, that is why they were given this banner. It is another proof that the land of Chelm (Kulm) was always part of the Polish kingdom. Komtur Wilhelm von Ellfenstein was killed in the battle, as most of his people.
Chrystian Kretowicz, 2 June 2001
The original image shows the flag hanging vertically (hoist in the top of the picture) and a wodden pole is visible at the viewer's left hand; no finial; white sleeve. The flag design suggests this flag was supposed to hang from a horizontal crossbar.
António Martins, 28 February 2002
