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Last modified: 2017-01-08 by ivan sache
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Flag of Yunquera - Image from the Símbolos de Málaga website, 24 September 2016
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The municipality of Yunquera (2,983 inhabitants in 2015, 5,800 ha), is located 60 km north-west of Málaga
Yunquera is self-styled "the Paradise of the Spanish Fir", an endangered endemic tree species, sometimes considered as Andalusia's national tree.
The Spanish Fir, Abies pinsapo Boiss., has two varieties, one in Morocco (A. pinsapo var. marocana) and the typical variety in south-eastern Spain (A. pinsapo var. pinsapo). A. pinsapo var. pinsapo occurs in three locations: Sierra de Grazalema (Cádiz), Sierra de las Nieves and Sierra Bermeja (Málaga). The largest forests occur in Sierra de Grazalema and Sierra de las Nieves. In total the population has an extent of occurrence of 940 km2 with an actual area of occupancy of 28.7 km2.
In the Sierra de Grazalema the main distribution is along the Sierra del Pinar where this variety is restricted to 4 km2. The three small localities in this area contain trees which have not yet reached reproductive age. At the Sierra de las Nieves location most trees are concentrated in the municipalities of Yunquera, Ronda and Tolox, where they occur in an area of 24 km2. The smallest and most isolated subpopulation is at Reales, within the Sierra Bermeja, where it is restricted to a small area of 0.7 km2.
The number of locations is three and there is a decline in its quality of habitat, mainly as a result of fire and more recently, the effects of fungal and insect pathogens as well as effects of recent droughts. These latter problems are most evident in lower altitude stands. It is therefore listed as Endangered.
[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]
Ivan Sache, 24 September 2016
The flag (photo) and arms of Yunquera are prescribed by Decree No. 334, adopted on 27 June 2000 by the Government of Andalusia and published on 20 July 2000 in the official gazette of Andalusia, No. 83, pp. 11,718-11,719 (text). This was confirmed by a Resolution adopted on 30 November 2004 by the Directorate General of the Local Administration and published on 20 December 2004 in the official gazette of Andalusia, No. 246, pp. 28,986-29,002 (text).
The symbols are described as follows:
Flag: Rectangular, in proportions one and a half longer than wide, made of two stripes arranged vertically, the closest to the hoist, green charged in the center with a white Spanish Fir, the other, white charged in the center with a green Spanish Fir.
Coat of arms: Argent a mount vert charged with a got rampant an ensigned by a tower gules surrounded by two Spanish Firs vert. The shield surmounted by a Royal crown closed.
The Spanish Fir is also featured on the flag of Grazalema.
The tower of Yunquera (photo), locally known as "the Castle", was erected in 1812 by General Ballesteros. On 11 June 1812, 50 soldiers resisted the attack by the Napoleonic troops, 3,500 soldiers equipped with four mountain cannons.
Ivan Sache, 24 September 2016
