![[Territory of Papua and New Guinea 1949-1965 (Papua New Guinea)]](../images/p/pg1949.gif)
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by António Martins
Last modified: 2022-03-12 by ian macdonald
Keywords: papua and new guinea | canton (union flag) | southern cross | star: 7 points (white) | blue ensign |
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by António Martins
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The post-war administrations of the Territory of Papua - New Guinea (1945-1949) and Territory of Papua and New Guinea (1949-1975) flew the Australian Blue Ensign (Australian National Flag) for most purposes until mid-1971, and it was also flown as the flag of the territory administrator. Although it took precedence until Papua New Guinea independence in 1975, the PNG National Flag became the preferred flag to fly in the territory from mid-1971.
Jeff Thomson, 29 March 2019
![[Territory of Papua 1906-1949 (Papua New Guinea)]](../images/a/au!png46.jpg)
image provided by Jonathan Dixon, 20 November 2012
After the war, the Papua and New Guinea were administrated jointly. On 19
July 1946, the administrator, J. K. Murray, proposed a flag for the combined
territories which "more or less fits with the precedents in Appendix 6 of the
Colonial Regulations". This proposal was an Australian blue ensign with a laurel
wreath in the lower part of the flag, enclosing the inscription "T." above "P.-N
G." (line drawing above). This prompted more inquiries into
what flags had been used pre-war. Once again, notes at the Dept of External
Territories assume Papua followed the standard British colonial model with the
badge adopted in 1906, while other territories use simply the Australian flag
(although they note customs regulations). In contrast, the reports from PNG (in Jan 47) describe the flags other than the UJ used
pre-war both in New Guinea and Papua as based on the "Blue Ensign",
understood to be the Australian version. Once again, the badge for Papua is
described without reference to a crown. (pp19,12-13,9)
The idea of a
new flag for the combined territories was rejected, at least partly because
it was thought the Commonwealth flag would be adequate (except where an
alternative was required by customs regulations) until a permanent administration
was established. (pp6-7)
Sources:
National Archives of Australia series
A518 item Z918/1 barcode 109104,
https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/ViewImage.aspx?B=109104
Jonathan Dixon, 20 November 2012
![[Territory of Papua and New Guinea 1949-1965 (Papua New Guinea)]](../images/p/pg_1949.gif)
image by Ben Cahoon, 1 May 2012
If one takes Papua New Guinea as having come into existence in 1949, the only flag that was not purely Australian and had the Union Flag in the canton was the flag of the Customs Service. This was the Australian Blue Ensign with the addition in the fly of a white disc bearing the letters 'T.P. & N.G.C.' in bold black characters. Source: The Flag Bulletin, no. 130, 1989, which has an article on the flags of eastern New Guinea in general.
David Prothero, 21 April 1998
In fact this is the only known distinctive official flag of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea before the present PNG National Flag started to come into use from mid-1971. It was in legislative effect from 15 November 1951 to 16 September 1975, yet quite possibly it didn't exist as a real flag. In an earlier version of the above flag image at the 'World Statesmen' website, Ben Cahoon placed the customs badge in the fly centre, within the upper part of the Southern Cross. It was an unusual defacement technique, jamming the white disc into the upper four Crux stars!
Jeff Thomson, 29 March 2019
I suppose this is the easiest way to fit a large circular disc inside
Crux. This may be simply the way Ben Cahoon (at world statesmen) has
interpreted a written description saying the badge is "in the fly", but given
the different versions of the Commonwealth Lighthouse Service flags, it's
possible this design was used in real flags as well.
The customs flag Ben
shows for 1949-1952 is the Papua flag approved in 1906, according to Jilek (The
Flag Bulletin 130, 1989) used up until Japanese occupation, although I
can't quite make sense of his claim that it was approved by Australian
parliament. Ben seems to be implying that customs continued to use it after the
unification of the P&NG until the flag with the "TP&NGC" badge was authorised
(1951, according to Jilek).
My guess is that this flag for the unified
customs flag was intended to have the badge in centre of the lower half of the
flag, just like many of the Customs flags, CLS ensigns, and the proposed design
for Papua and any future territories which I mentioned in my "Flags of
Australian Territories" presentation at the Berlin ICV in 2007 (also published
in Crux Australis volume 21, issue 86).
Jonathan Dixon, 2
May 2012
The Customs Act 1951 of Papua New Guinea says about the customs flag:
Part II - Administration of the Customs
6 Customs Flag, etc.
The
vessels, boats and aircraft employed in the service of the Customs shall be
distinguished from other vessels, boats and aircraft by such flag or in such
other manner as is prescribed.
Source:
http://www.customs.gov.pg/06_legislation_and_publications/1_legislation/1_customs_act_1951.pdf
The customs flag is further specified in the Customs Regulations 1951
Part II - Administration of the Customs
Division - General.
2. Customs
flag
The Customs flag is the National Flag, with the addition in the fly
of a white ball with the letter "P.N.G.C." in black in bold characters.
Source:
http://www.customs.gov.pg/06_legislation_and_publications/1_legislation/1_customs_act_1951.pdf
The Customs Act 1951 and the Customs Regulations 1951 are both amended
Acts up to and including the Customs (consequential amendments) Act 2010.] This
means that the descriptions of both articles may have changed since 1951.
Is there anyone who has ever seen this customs flag?
There has been
another Customs Regulation before 1951. Evidence is to be found here:
http://books.google.nl/books?
Customs Regulations
Section 12 - The
Customs Flag
1.
2. The Customs Flag shall be the flag of the Commonwealth
of Australia (Blue Ensign) with the addition in the fly of a white ball with the
letters "T.P. & N.G.C." in black in bold character.
Source: Laws of the
Territory of Papua and New Guinea: 1949-1951 (annotated) made between 1st July,
1949 and 31st December, 1951, together with supplements to "The laws of the
Territory of Papua 1888-1945 (annotated)", "The laws of the Territory of New
Guinea 1921-1945 (annotated)" and "The
laws of the Territory of Papua-New
Guinea 1945-1949 (annotated)", Volume 1 (Google Books, partly visible)
Jos Poels, 30 October 2012
The Customs flag prescription quoted above was the original 'as made' in Customs Regulations No 25; 15/11/1951; Regulation 2. It was amended
to the current prescription at an unknown point between 1973 and 1986.
Jeff Thomson, 29 October 2015
The change in customs flag prescription from the Australian flag with T.P. & N.G.C. on the badge, to the (PNG) National Flag with P.N.G.C. was made 'editorially' before 1 January 1982. This means that it was done as part of the re-write adapting all PNG legislation for independence, with the updated legislation published en masse from 1 January 1986. The Australian flag version remained relevant for customs use until PNG independence on 16 September 1975, and the PNG flag version could have been flown under the provisional arrangements effective from 1 July 1971. In practice it is believed that the undefaced PNG National Flag was flown as a customs flag from soon after 1 July 1971 to the present day.
There are on-line flag images of Australian National Flag customs flags of PNG with the badge letters changed to T.P.N.G.C. or P.N.G.C. Although it is possible that such flags did exist, there is no reliable evidence to suggest this, nor is there anything in the Customs Regulations 1951 amendments up to 1976 to confirm it.
Jeff Thomson, 29 March 2019
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